Eventually the region descended into hydraulic crisis, with low-level water control problems being punctuated by catastrophic flood disasters. As growth surpassed the limits of sustainability, the dyke network struggled to withstand the increased pressure. At the beginning of this cycle, increased expenditure on dyke networks offered communities protection from flooding, thereby facilitating widespread agricultural and economic expansion. Throughout the second millennium CE, the Middle Yangzi province of Hubei witnessed a repetitive pattern of growth and collapse, described by Pierre-Étienne Will as a “hydraulic cycle.” Later Peter Perdue identified a similar developmental pattern in neighbouring Hunan during the Ming and Qing dynasties. During periods of excessive rainfall and poor hydraulic governance, however, rising water and neglected dykes allowed rivers and lakes to reclaim the plains that had been occupied by human beings. Under favourable meteorological and political conditions the human management of river systems gave rise to a thriving agricultural economy and stable society. Excessive deforestation, wetland reclamation, and the over-extension of river dyke networks transformed regular flood pulses, which were an integral feature of the fluvial ecosystem, into destructive inundations, which wrought chaos upon human communities. Having occupied alluvial and lacustrian plains, agriculturalists exacerbated the natural risk of inundation by transforming the landscape. Flooding was a perennial problem faced by those living in the Yangzi region. The ultimate cause of the 1931 Central China Flood lay in the long-term interaction between human communities and river basins. As such, it is referred to here as the 1931 Central China Flood. Although the flood affected much of the country the core disaster zone was concentrated in eight central provinces. The Yellow River and Grand Canal also experienced major flooding, whilst there were lessor inundations from as far south as the Pearl River ( Zhu Jiang), which flows through the city of Guangzhou (Canton), to as far north as the Songhua and Yalu Rivers, which flow to the north of Korea. In Chinese this event is usually described as the Yangzi-Huai Flood ( Jiang-Huai shuizai), yet the disaster was not limited to these two rivers.
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Classrooms are equipped with air conditioners, hot water, TV sets, and beds, the state-run Xinhua news agency reported.In 1931 Central China experienced a devastating flood that inundated an area equivalent in size of England and half of Scotland, affected the lives of an estimated 52 million people, and killed as many as 2 million.
Zhang Jinye, from the rural area in the city of Hejin, is among the 200-plus villagers who have been evacuated to a nearby primary school. The provincial meteorological bureau said more rains are yet to come in the southern part of Shanxi, with temperatures expected to drop drastically. The provincial authorities have earmarked 50 million yuan (about USD 7.8 million) to support the flood control and relief work. Some 1.90 lakh hectares of crops were damaged and more than 17,000 houses collapsed, the emergency management department said.Įmergency management departments of various levels have allocated 4,000 tents, 3,200 folding beds as well as cotton clothes and quilts for disaster relief.
Work at more than 1,000 building projects was suspended, and more than 160 scenic sites were closed amid the record rainfall. The province, a major coal producer has also shut 60 coal mines, adding to concerns over supplies of the fuel as China struggles with power cuts.įour traffic police officers were killed and another was injured in a landslide in Pu county in the city of Linfen on Tuesday, the Post report said.įurther north, the city of Luliang reported one death caused by a rain-induced landslide on Monday. The largely arid province has reported more than five times its usual rainfall since the start of the month, resulting in the destruction of dams and rail lines, Hong Kong-based South China Morning Post reported on Sunday.Īccording to Shanxi’s emergency management department, 1.75 million people have been affected and more than 17,000 buildings collapsed so far due to the floods.
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